Governing device for motors.



No. 808,549. I PATENTED DEC. 26, 1905 C. KOERNER.

GOVERNING DEVICE FOR MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1905.

iiNrTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GOVERNING DEVICE FOR MOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 1905.

Application filed August 10, 1905. Serial No. 273,639.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, CAMILLo KOERNER, engineer, a subject of the Emperorof Austria-Hungary, residing at Prague, in the Kingdom of Bohemia andEmpire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Governing Devices for Motors; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to governing devices for motors, more particularlyfor hydraulic motors, such as turbines, and has for its ob ject toprovide a simple, efficient, and very sensitive mechanism of this kind.1

In the accompanying drawing an elevation, partly in section, of theimproved governing device is shown.

A is the governor-shaft. e is an eccentric carried by the same andactuated by a governor (not shown) on such shaft through the medium oflinks 2 in such a manner that it is turned round the said shaft when thespeed of the latter varies. e is a second eccentric carried by theeccentric e and provided with strap connected to a plunger 8, working ina cylindrical bores of a valve-casing S. When the eccentric e is turnedround the shaft A,

I owing to a change in the speed of the governorshaft, it carries roundwith it the cocentric e thereby varying the eccentricity of the latterrelatively to the governor-shaft A, and hence also the stroke of theplunger 8 in the same sense-that is to say, such stroke increases anddecreases as the speed of the governor-shaft increases or decreases,respectively.

I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to theabove-described mechanism for varying the stroke of the plunger-s, as Imay use any mechanism by which the stroke of this plunger is varied inthe same sense as the speed of the governor-shaft.

The bore 8 leads into a chamber 0 in the valve-casing S at one side of aslide-valve S, working in suchvalve-casing, and c is a chamber in thevalve-casing at the other side of the slide-valve. The latter chamber isin permanently open connection with an exhaust-port c 1" is a hollow rodguided in the valve-casing S and provided with lateral openingsor slotsat a near its top and bottom end, respectively. The slide-valve S isfreely movable along the rod 1' and is provided with a head-plate Stightly fitting this rod near its top end.

K is a part in the valve-casing through which liquid under pressureisadmitted from a suitable reservoir (not shown) into a channel K, leadingto a port 7c in the bore 8 to a port K opposite an annular groove S inthe slide-valve located between two collars S S. S S are two annulargrooves in the slidevalve between the collar S and the head S andbetween the collar S and a collar S of the slide-valve. These annulargrooves are provided with ports leading to the central chamber S of theslide-valve, which chamber is open towardthe chamber c K is a channelleading from the port K to the under side of the collar.

S and S represent the lower cylindrical end of the slide valve, turneddown to a smaller diameter than the collar S and snugly fitting aninwardly-projecting collar S in the valve-casing. Channels k and k ofthe valve-casing lead to the upper and lower chamber of a cylinder B,respectively, in which works a piston R, the rod R of which is connectedby a lever 1", pivoted to the valve-casing with the rod 1, and, on theother hand, may be connected in any convenient manner to a' suitablemechanism for controlling the speed of the motor, such as a hatch orthrottle-valve or the like.

The operation of this governing device is the following: When thegovernor-shaft revolves, the plunger 8 is reciprocated in the bore 5,and thereby forces liquid supplied from a suitable reservoir throughport K, channel K, and port It into the chamber 0. This liquid escapesthrough slot or slots a, the hollow rod 1", slot or slots a, and thechamber 0 to the exhaust-port 0 In the normal state-that is to say, whenthe position of the slide-valve and the rod 1 is eX actly thatcorresponding to the speed of the governor-shaftthe quantity of liquidforced into the chamber 0 by the plungers per unit of time (which, allother things being equal, is proportional to the length of the stroke ofthe piston s) is exactly the same as the quantity of liquid escapingthrough the exhaustport 10 Now if the speed of the governorshaftincreases the eccentrics e e are turned round the shaft A, whereby theeccentricity of the latter relatively to this shaft, and hence also thestroke of the plunger 8, is in creased. Therefore a larger quantity ofliquid will be forced into the chamber 0 in a IIO given time than canescape therefrom in the same time, and consequently the slide-valve Swill be forced downward. By this the area of the slot or slots a leftuncovered by the head S of the slide-valve, and therefore also thequantity of liquid escaping through the same, is increased, while at thesame time liquid under pressure is permitted to enter into the cylinderR below the piston R from ports K and K through the annular groove S andwhile liquid from the cylinderchamber above the piston is permitted toescape through port k annular groove S, and the central chamber S of theslide-valve. Thus the piston R is caused to move downward, therebyoperating in any convenient manner the admission-controlling mechanismto diminish the speed of the motor; but as the piston R moves downwardthe rod 1" is moved upward, thereby still further increasing the freearea of the slot or slots a in the rod 9", and this results in adiminution of the pressure of the liquid on the upper side of the head Sso that the slide-valve is raised by the pressure of the liquid comingfrom the reservoir and acting against the under side of the collar Suntil the free area of the slot or slots a has been reduced so far thatthe fluid escapes as rapidly from chamber 0 as it is forced into thechamber 0, and its collars S S again close the ports k 16 When the speedof the governor-shaft decreases, the stroke of the plunger 8 diminishes,and a smaller quantity of liquid is forced into the chamber 0 thanescapes through port 0 The liquid-pressure acting against the under sideof the collar S raises the slide-valve, so that liquid is permitted toenter into the cylinder R above the piston R through ports K K groove Sand port k and to escape from below the piston R through port 10 groove8, and central chamber S. The piston R then moves upward and operates tocause the speed of the motor to be increased and at the same time causesthe rod 1" to move downward, whereby the free area of the slot or slots(1 is diminished, so that the pressure in the chamber 0 increases,whereby the slidevalve is forced downward into its normal position. Thusin either case the slide-valve is returned automatically into its normalposition without being connected to the governor by special gearing, sothat such gearing is dispensed with and its necessary reaction upon thegovernor is avoided, which is a great advantage over the governingdevices of this class as heretofore constructed. Moreover, the governingdevice above described is very sensitive, because the slight periodicalvariations of pressure in the chamber c assist in overcoming anyfriction.

The connection between the piston-rod R and the hollow rod 9 by thelever 1* may be dispensed with without departing from the essence of myinvention. 1n this case if the slidevalve S is shifted in eitherdirection owing to a variation in the speed of the shaft A it willremain in this position until by the reverse variation of the speed ofthe governor-shaft caused by the operation of the piston R the stroke ofthe plunger 8 has been brought to the normal length, when theslidevalve, too, is returned to its normal position by the difference ofpressures on the head S and on the under side of the collar 8,respectively. By connecting the hollow rod 1' with the piston the actionis rendered more rapid.

I claim 1. In combination with a valve-casing, a slide-valve in suchcasing, a chamber in such casing at one end of the slide-valve, a cylindrical bore leading into such chamber, a plunger working in such bore, ashaft for operating such plunger and means for varying the stroke ofsaid plunger in accordance with the variations of speed ofanexhaust-Chamber in the valve-casing at the other end of the slidevalve a hollow rod tightly passing through the slide-valve and providedwith two sets of slots leading to the two chambers respectively, a headat one end of the slidevalve, a collar near the other end of theslide-valve such end projecting from the said collar being smaller indiameter than the said collar, grooves and further collars on the saidslide-valve between the head and the firstnamed collar, a source ofliquid under pressure and ports and chambers in the said valve-casingconnecting such source with a port leading to the aforesaid bore with aport opposite the said end of the said slide-valve and with a portbetween these two last-named ports, a cylinder, ports in thevalve-casing connected to the two ends of such cylinder and adapted tobe controlled by the said grooves and further collars on the slidevalve,a piston Working in the said cylinder and means operated by such istonfor controlling the speed of a motor riving the said shaft substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

2. In combination with a valve-casing, a slide-valve in such casing, achamber, in such casing at one end of theslide-Valve, a cylindrical boreleading into such chamber, a plunger working in such bore, a shaftforopcrating such plunger, and means for varying the stroke of saidplunger in accordance with the variations of speed of such shaft anexhaust-chamber in the valve-casing at the other end of the slide valve,a hollow rod tightly passing through the slide-valve and provided withtwo sets of slots leading to the two chambers respectively a head at oneend of the slide-valve, a collar near the other end of the slidevalve,such end projecting from the said collar being smaller in diameter thanthe said collar, grooves and further :collars on the said slide-valvebetween the head and the first-named collar, a source of liquid unmeansoperated by'such piston for controlder pressure and ports and channelsin the ling the speed of a motor driving the said said valve-casingconnecting such source shaft and means for connecting such piston with aport leading to the aforesaid bore with with the said hollow rod,substantially as and 15 a port opposite the said end of the slide-valvefor the purpose described.

andwith aport between these two last-named In testimony whereof I affixmy signature ports, a cylinder, ports in the valve-casing in presence oftwo witnesses.

connected to the two ends of such cylinder CAMILLO KOERNER. and adaptedto be controlled by the said Witnesses: IO grooves and further collarson the slide- EMIL MAURER,

valve, a piston working in such cylinderl ADOLPH FISCHER.

